外接托管 MySQL 数据库平台 Railway
为我的 Waline 评论系统寻找外接的 MySQL 云提供商。
为了方便访客留言，我为我的吹牛逼博客部署了 Waline 评论系统。这个系统需要接入一个数据库，MongoDB、MySQL、Postgres 都行。我想了想，如果想要长久保存，还是生态最丰富的 MySQL 最靠谱。
我不想把 MySQL 运行在我的 VPS 上，因为我的 VPS 经常会搞一些实验性质的东西把服务器搞炸。
2025年了，于是我直接问我们的 GPT 老师，外接 MySQL 托管哪家强：
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I have an application that needs a MySQL database. I dont want to set it up on my own server but use a cloud provider's. Do you have any suggestions?
The data volume and traffic volume is low but I hope it can persist long with low price while I can backup the data and transfer it at any time
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Absolutely — for low-traffic, low-volume MySQL databases with persistent storage, backups, and easy migration, there are several good cloud options. Since you're optimizing for **low cost**, **longevity**, and **portability**, here are some curated suggestions:
---
### 🔹 1. **PlanetScale** *(Highly recommended for your use case)*
- **Pricing**: Free tier available with generous limits.
- **Key Features**:
- MySQL-compatible (built on Vitess, used by YouTube).
- Serverless scaling.
- Non-blocking schema changes.
- Automatic daily backups (paid tiers have longer retention).
- CLI and web-based data export.
- **Best for**: Projects needing long-term free hosting and easy backups.
📌 **Notes**:
- Doesn't allow direct access to `mysqldump` (uses its own export tools).
- Slightly different from traditional MySQL in some low-level admin operations.
---
### 🔹 2. **Railway**
- **Pricing**: Free tier includes 500MB of storage, with paid plans starting low.
- **Key Features**:
- Easy MySQL deployment with backup/export options.
- Integration with Git-based workflows.
- Nice for quick prototyping and persistent development.
- **Best for**: Simple apps needing database + backend hosted together.
---
### 🔹 3. **Render**
- **Pricing**: $7/month for Managed MySQL.
- **Key Features**:
- Daily backups, automatic scaling.
- Simple UI for database access.
- **Best for**: More traditional MySQL feel, small production apps.
---
### 🔹 4. **Google Cloud SQL / Amazon RDS / Azure Database for MySQL**
- **Pricing**: Paid from the start (~$15+/month for the lowest setup).
- **Key Features**:
- Fully managed, high availability, easy snapshot backup and export.
- **Best for**: Production-grade reliability, enterprise-level features.
- **Not recommended** if you're trying to keep it super cheap.
---
### 🔹 5. **DigitalOcean Managed Databases**
- **Pricing**: Starts from $15/month, but frequent discounts for new users.
- **Key Features**:
- Automatic backups, metrics, scaling.
- Easy migration using `mysqldump` or `pg_dump`.
- **Best for**: If you may later scale up without changing platforms.
---
### ✅ Summary Recommendation:
| Provider | Free Tier | Backup/Export | Best For |
|----------------|-----------|----------------|-------------------------------------|
| **PlanetScale** | ✅ | ✅ (with CLI) | Long-term, low-traffic apps |
| **Railway** | ✅ | ✅ | Quick setups with portability |
| **Render** | ❌ | ✅ | More control with affordable price |
| **GCP/AWS/Azure**| ❌ | ✅ | Production, but more costly |
| **DigitalOcean**| ❌ (trials) | ✅ | Budget production hosting |
---
Let me know your preferred tech stack or budget limit and I can help you choose/setup one of these platforms with actual steps.
PlanetScale 已经不给白嫖了，于是我去查 Railway。Railway 价格还是可以的，基本款5刀一个月，而且给5刀的免费试用。
用了一下，发现这个 Railway 其实就是拖控件开 Docker 构建数据流。理论上可以把自己的大多数容器化服务都托管到上面。
部署过程中遇到了一个问题。Waline 不支持8以上的 MySQL，于是我需要把 Railway 默认提供的 MySQL 版本改掉。但是当我把 Docker image 的版本从9改到5.7再重新部署，Railway 一直在报错。查看错误日志，原来是因为绑定的 Data Volume 依然保存了创建时默认的9版本的内容。所以需要先改 image 版本，再手动删掉那个默认提供的 Volume ，再绑一个新的空 Volume 上去。
为了这个我折腾了半个多小时。这个网站的设计师一定觉得自己聪明坏了，拖控件编程好帅好爽好方便一定能大卖吧……然而这样的反直觉的操作流程还不如用命令行操作 Docker 时得到的提示直接——至少我可以直接 docker compose down -v，连带着 container 及其挂载的持久化卷一同删除。总觉得搞这种创业项目费力不讨好，高不成低不就，不知道什么样的用户会依赖这样的服务。
不管怎么说，这家还算价格公道，暂且先用着了。以后可以考虑把更多 VPS 上的东西用这家部署。